Reported  Compositional workflows compound failure. Five sequential steps at 99% reliability each yield only ~95% overall — so durable execution + checkpoints let work resume from the last good state instead of re-running everything.

• Verified  LangGraph persists every state transition — enabling replay, time-travel debugging and HITL approvals.
• Durable execution went mainstream in 2025, driven by agent workloads: AWS Durable Functions, Cloudflare Workflows (GA), Vercel Workflow DevKit — plus Temporal & Ray self-hosted.
• Checkpointing is also cost control: each LLM inference is paid for exactly once, not re-run on retry.
• Enterprises front agents with a centralized AI gateway — routing across providers, synchronous guardrails, full audit logging.